What kind of reaction is characterized by the transfer of electrons between atoms?

The reaction characterized by the transfer of electrons between atoms is known as a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, there are two key processes: oxidation, which involves the loss of electrons, and reduction, which entails the gain of electrons. These two processes occur simultaneously in a redox reaction, meaning that for every oxidation that takes place, a corresponding reduction also happens.

The term "redox" is derived from combining "reduction" and "oxidation," emphasizing the interrelated nature of these two processes. This distinction is crucial, as it highlights that the transfer of electrons inherently defines the redox reaction mechanism.

While oxidation and reduction are integral components of a redox reaction, they describe only part of the overall electron transfer process. Neutralization reactions, on the other hand, involve the reaction of an acid with a base to form water and salt, and do not primarily involve the transfer of electrons. Thus, the broader category of redox reactions encompasses both oxidation and reduction, making it the correct choice for a reaction characterized specifically by the transfer of electrons.