What is the chemical formula for sodium hydroxide?

The chemical formula for sodium hydroxide is represented as NaOH. This formula indicates that sodium hydroxide is composed of one sodium (Na) ion and one hydroxide (OH) ion.

Sodium, being an alkali metal, readily loses one electron to form a positively charged sodium ion (Na⁺). Hydroxide, on the other hand, consists of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom and carries a negative charge (OH⁻). When combined, they form a neutral compound, sodium hydroxide, because the positive charge of the sodium ion balances the negative charge of the hydroxide ion.

Understanding the structure of sodium hydroxide is important in various chemical contexts, such as its use as a strong base in chemical reactions. This gives insight into numerous applications, including its role in neutralizing acids and in manufacturing processes.