In a redox reaction, what occurs to the atom that gains electrons?

In a redox reaction, the term "reduced" specifically refers to the process where an atom or molecule gains electrons. When an atom gains one or more electrons, its oxidation state decreases, indicating that it has been reduced. This change often leads to a more negative charge for the atom, particularly if it was originally neutral or positively charged.

To understand why reduction is connected with the gain of electrons: in redox reactions, one species undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while another undergoes reduction. The concept can be summarized in the mnemonic "LEO says GER," where "LEO" stands for "Loss of Electrons is Oxidation" and "GER" stands for "Gain of Electrons is Reduction."

Thus, recognizing that the atom gaining electrons is undergoing a reduction is essential in identifying its role in the redox process. This understanding underscores the importance of electron transfer in chemical reactions, particularly in biological systems and industrial applications.